Led effect
For control unit is implemented not expensive MCU ATTYNI2313 (Atmel), which can drive direct LED (up to 20 mA on each pin). As you can see on the schematic, 24 LED’s are grouped in 4 groups, each one consist 6 LED’s. LED’s in group 1 indicate the content of register r0 of MCU, LED’s in group 2 – r1, LED’s in group 3 – r3 and LED’s in group 4 indicate the content of register r3. Dynamic indication do this, as in each moment of time indicates content of one register and scans them consecutive. For instance, when the content of r1 is loaded in output port (PORTB), the transistor Q2 is switched "ON", and the LED of group 2 indicate the bits in r1.

There are 3 buttons – "F", "+" and "-". The button F is for change of effect, and buttons "+" and "–" are for increasing or decreasing the speed of effect. For example, each time when you press button "-" changing of lights go more slowly. For fast changing of speed you can press and hold the appropriate button.
The speed of effects is independent of speed of dynamic indication, which is constant.
The schematic can be powered by any DC adapter for 8 to 15 V / 100mA. I use 12V adapter and for the stabilizer 7805 there is no need of heat sink for them – this is one of advantages of implementation of dynamic indication. Others advantages are simple schematic and PCB, lower pin count of MCU etc.

Software is written in assembler of IDE AVRStudio 4. The program code is below. There are a lot of comments for explanation how the program works. With simple changes in code everyone can make different effects and/or add them. Each effect can be up to 24 stages.
If the LED pins are made longer with additional wires, LED effects can be used for Christmas tree or for advertising text on shop window (for instance). If there is need, LED number can be easy increased up to 32 LED’s and stages. Enjoy!


Schematic

Download design files in Proteus 7 format
Source Code
;*****************************************************************
;LED illumination
;rev. 4, 06/09/2010god
;MCU ATtiny2313 , internal RC generator, 4 MHZ
;*****************************************************************
.include "2313def.inc" ;Done some changes for ATtiny2313 !
; r0 - consits group 1
; r1 - consits group 2
; r2 - consits group 3
; r3 - consits group 4
; r4 - counter of groups for Effect 1
; r5 - counter of groups for Dynamic Indication
; r6 - counter of effects
.cseg
.org $000
rjmp RESET ;Reset Handle
reti ;LabINT0; External Interrupt0 Vector Address
reti ;LabINT1; External Interrupt1 Vector Address
reti ;TIM1_CAPT; Timer/Counter1 Capture Event
reti ;TIM1_COMP; Timer/Counter1 Compare Match A
reti ;TIM1_OVF; Timer/Counter1 Overflow
rjmp TIM0_OVF; Timer/Counter0 Overflow
reti
reti
reti
reti
;************************************************
TIM0_OVF: ;it does dynimic indication
mov r16, r5 ; couter is loaded
clz
cpi r16, 0 ; if is 0 then group 1
breq Tvar1
clz
cpi r16, 1 ; if is 1 then group 2
breq Tvar2
clz
cpi r16, 2 ; if is 2 then group 3
breq Tvar3
rjmp Tvar4 ; else group 4
Tvar1:
mov r16, r0
out PORTB, r16
cbi PORTD, PD3 ; clear group 4
sbi PORTD, PD0 ; indicate group 1
inc r5
rjmp Tizhod
Tvar2:
mov r16, r1
out PORTB, r16
cbi PORTD, PD0 ; clear group 1
sbi PORTD, PD1 ; indicate group 2
inc r5
rjmp Tizhod
Tvar3:
mov r16, r2
out PORTB, r16
cbi PORTD, PD1 ; clear group 2
sbi PORTD, PD2 ; indicate group 3
inc r5
rjmp Tizhod
Tvar4:
mov r16, r3
out PORTB, r16
cbi PORTD, PD2 ; clear group 3
sbi PORTD, PD3 ; indicate group 4
clr r5
Tizhod:
sei
reti
;************************************************
Efekt1:
in r17, TIFR ;chek if TMR1 is overtime
sbrs r17, TOV1
rjmp E1izh ;if not overtime -> go out
ldi r17, $80 ; clear interrupt flag
out TIFR, r16
sec ; flag C = 1
rol r0 ; load 1 through flag C
bst r0,6 ; load the bit through flag T into next register
rol r1 ;
bld r1,0
bst r1,6
rol r2
bld r2,0
bst r2,6
rol r3
bld r3,0
bst r3,6
brts E1Clr ; check for finishing (last bit in last register)
rjmp E1izh
E1Clr:
clr r0 ; clear all registers
clr r1
clr r2
clr r3
E1izh:
ret
;************************************************
Efekt2:
in r17, TIFR ;;chek if TMR1 is overtime
sbrs r17, TOV1
rjmp E2izh ;if it is not -> go out
ldi r17, $80 ;clear interrupt flag
out TIFR, r16
mov r17, r4 ; load counter
clz
cpi r17, 0 ; if 0 rolling r0
breq E2var0
clz
cpi r17, 1 ; if 1 rolling r1
breq E2var1
clz
cpi r17, 2 ; if 2 rolling r3
breq E2var2
rjmp E2var3 ; else rolling r3
E2var0:
clc ; flag C = 0
rol r0 ; load 1 through flag C
sbrc r0, 6 ;check if first 6 bits are 0's
rjmp E2izh ; if are not -> go out
clc ; if it is -> rolling next register
rol r1 ; (in this case r1)
rjmp E2izINC
E2var1:
clc ; flag C = 0
rol r1 ; load 1 through flag C
sbrc r1, 6 ;check if first 6 bits are 0's
rjmp E2izh ; if are not -> go out
clc ;if it is -> rolling next register
rol r2 ; (in this case r2)
rjmp E2izINC
E2var2:
clc ; flag C = 0
rol r2 ; load 1 through flag C
sbrc r2, 6 ;check if first 6 bits are 0's
rjmp E2izh ; if are not -> go out
clc ;if it is -> rolling next register
rol r3 ; (in this case r3)
rjmp E2izINC
E2var3:
clc ; flag C = 1
rol r3 ; load 1 through flag C
sbrc r3, 6 ;check if first 6 bits are 0's
rjmp E2izh ; if are not -> go out
ldi r17, $FF ;if they are -> each bit is set
mov r0, r17
mov r1, r17
mov r2, r17
mov r3, r17
E2izINC:
inc r4 ;this fragment increase counter (r4)
mov r17, r4
clc
cpi r17, 4 ;if it is = 4, then it is cleared
brlo E2izh ;to start again
clr r4 ;r4=0 , or it pointes r0
E2izh:
ret
;************************************************
Prog1: ;Main program
sbis PORTD, PD4 ;check for pressing button "+"
rjmp IncTmr
sbis PORTD, PD5 ;check for pressing button "-"
rjmp DecTmr
sbis PORTD, PD6 ;check for pressing button "F"
rjmp EfSel ;(for change of effect
mov r17, r6 ; load effect counter
clz
cpi r17, 0 ; if 0 then roll r0
breq PRvar0
rcall Efekt2
rjmp Prog1
PRvar0:
rcall Efekt1
rjmp Prog1
IncTmr:
ldi r17,TCNT1H
clz
cpi r17, $FC ;check for max value
breq IncOut ;$FC is max value
inc r17
out TCNT1H, r17
IncOut:
rjmp Prog1
DecTmr:
ldi r17,TCNT1H
clz
cpi r17, $CC ;check for max value
breq DecOut ;$CC is max value
dec r17
out TCNT1H, r17
DecOut:
rjmp Prog1
EfSel:
mov r17, r6
clz
cpi r17, 1 ;check for max value
breq EfSel1 ;$1 is max value
inc r6 ;(2 effects)
rjmp Prog1
EfSel1:
clr r6
rjmp Prog1
;************************************************
Reset: ;Initiation section
ldi r16, $DF ;STACK forming
out SPL, r16
ldi r16,$FF ;Init. Port B
out DDRB, r16 ;B0 - B7 are outputs
ldi r16,$0F ;Init. Port D
out DDRD, r16 ;D0 - D3 are outputs
; D4, D5 and D6 are inputs
clr r16
out PORTD, r16 ;clear all groups
clr r0 ;clear all registers
clr r1
clr r2
clr r3
clr r4 ;clear counter for Effect 1
clr r5 ;clear counter for Dynimic Indication
clr r6 ;clear counter of effects
ldi r16, 3 ; 8-bit Timer
out TCCR0B, r16 ;Prescaler=1/64
ldi r16, 3 ; 16-bit Timer
out TCCR1B, r16 ;Prescaler=1/64
ldi r16, $E7 ;load E795 for time interval 0,1s
ldi r17, $FF
out TCNT1H, r16 ; first is high Byte
out TCNT1L, r17 ; second is low Byte
sei ; enable global interrupt
ldi r16, 2 ; enable TMR0 interrupt
out TIMSK, r16
rjmp Prog1 ; end of initialisation section
.exit
PCB
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